Kalos

Kalos is the region (mostly based on France) where Pokémon X & Y takes place. The Legendary Pokémon that appear in this region are Articuno (if Chespin is chosen at the beginning of the player's journey), Zapdos (if Fennekin is chosen), Moltres (if Froakie is chosen), Xerneas, Yveltal, Zygarde, and Mewtwo.

Vaniville Town
Vaniville Town is where the hero/heroine moves-in at the start of the game. It is home to Shauna and Serena/Calem, the opposite character of the gender the player chooses.

Aquacorde Town
Aquacorde Town is where the hero/heroine meets all of their rivals and obtain their starter Pokémon as well as the Pokédex.

Santalune City
Santalune City is home to the Santalune City Gym and its Gym Leader, Viola, who specializes in -type Pokémon.

Lumiose City
Lumiose City is the main city of Kalos. It is home to Alexa, a journalist and Gym Leader Viola's older sister. The gym is located exactly in the center of the city, inside the Prism Tower. It's also home to Trevor, another rival of the player. The Gym Leader, Clemont, specializes in -types.

Shalour City
Shalour City is hometown of Korrina and where the Tower of Mastery lies. This also marks the first battle with Calem/Serena. Korrina, the gym leader, specializes in -type Pokémon.

Coumarine City
Coumarine City is divided into two parts. First there is the coastal part where there are a couple of stands and a hotel. However, connected via monorail, is the cliff side part of Coumarine City. This is where Ramos, the -type gym leader, awaits. This is also the place where you find Tierno when you complete the game. Here, you can buy incenses for 9,600 Pokémoney.

Laverre City
Laverre City is a small city located north of Kalos. It is a very rustic city and features quaint homes that are built around a forest. In the middle is a ancient tree that is said to be 1,500 years old. This is where Valerie, the -type gym leader awaits.

Anistar City
Anistar City is a city located east of Kalos. The city is next to the sea and since it is close to Snowbelle City, it is a cold city. It is home to Olympia the  -type gym leader. It also has an ancient sundial made out of crystal, a symbol of the city.

Snowbelle City
Snowbelle City is the last city where a gym leader resides. Wulfric the -type gym leader awaits. Located in south-east Kalos, the city is more or less covered in snow. According to the town map, its snowy condition originates from the local gym where ventilators were installed pumping cold air to maintain a 'icy look' thus affecting the city. South of the city, the entrance to the Winding Woods is there.

Cyllage City
Cyllage City is a city with a gym leader. The Gym Leader, Grant, specializes in -type Pokémon. Grant appears first in the anime in the episode Breaking Titles at the Battle Chateau, where he battles Viola for the title of Grand Duke.

Places of Interest
Using the Kalos Map as evidence, certain areas can be identified, as they stand out.

Pokémon League
This Castle-like Pokémon League is situated east of Santalune City. Like always, eight badges are required to enter. Here, you vs. the Elite Four in addition to finally getting to the champion, Diantha.

Santalune Forest
Santalune Forest is located north of Aquacorde Town, after Route 2. Home to many Pokémon, respective of its type variations. Just upward north-east of the forest is the exit leading to its namesake city, Santalune City.

Kalos Route 1
Kalos Route 1 is the first route found in Kalos. It connects Vaniville Town to Aquacorde Town. It, notably, has no wild Pokémon, therefore, allows the player to leave the town as soon as the game begins.

Kalos Route 2
Kalos Route 2 is the second route in Kalos. It connects Aquacorde to the Santalune Forest.

Kalos Route 3
Kalos Route 3 is seen at the first trailer. If you look at the first trailer and the screenshots from the official website you can see that this Route looks different from the first trailer, for example having more trees and more detailed plants, rocks, etc. This may be because they are still working on the designs of the overworld. It is most likely the third route of the Kalos region. This Route connects Santalune Forest with Santalune City.

Kalos Route 4
This route connects Santalune City to Lumiose City. This route introduces the player to Pokémon hidden in flowers, such as Flabébé.

Kalos Route 5
Kalos Route 5 is briefly seen at the second gameplay trailer, where the player is in Lumiose City with a building having a 5 at the entrance in the background, in other words the Gate between the route and the city. Or it could simply be a building with a 5 on the entrance.

Etymology
Kalos comes from a Greek inscription meaning "beauty".

Trivia

 * This is the second region, both overall and in a row, not to be based on any area in Japan. The first was Unova which was based off New York City in the United States.
 * Similarly, Kalos is the second region to have the routes restart at 1, the first being Unova.
 * Kalos is meant to be based on France, although the creators also took inspiration from other parts of Europe. If one were to look at the top-left corner of the Kalos region, you can see a town with a resemblance to Stonehenge, which is in England, mixed with the Carnac Stones, a group of rocks in France.
 * Kalos is the second region to have all the fully evolved starters have a secondary type; the first being Sinnoh.
 * Route 1 in Kalos is one of the shortest routes in the game.
 * Additionally, it is the only route not to contain Pokémon.
 * As the same in Kanto in Pokémon FireRed & LeafGreen, the starter Pokémon dictates which legendary out of the possible three can be caught.
 * Kalos has three Pokédexes: Central, Costal, and Mountain.